Diseases Of The Eye

Diseases Of Eye:

There are group of diseases, which are included in this group and affects various parts of eye. Most common is Conjunctivitis, which is inflammation of conjunctiva, a thin membrane that covers the eyeball except cornea. Causes are allergies, infections, physical irritants etc. Patient develops watery eye, discharge, photophobia, pain in eye, and redness in eye Variety of organisms cause infection like bacteria, viruses. Treatment includes eye drops, and ointments depending on type of conjunctivitis, rest to eye, wearing eyeglasses to avoid sun light. Opacities in eye or cataract could be congenital or acquired. There is whitish yellow patch on lens, which decreases eyesight. Treatment is surgery and most of people get relief and maintain eyesight after operation. Another condition is Glaucoma in which pressure of eyeball increases with its concomitant complication like pain in eye, severe disability of vision. Treatment is again surgical procedures to maintain normal pressure of eye. In this page, we are going to discuss about diseases of the eye, such as contusion of the eye, conjunctivitis, epidemic eye sore, ophthalmic neonatorum, membranous conjunctivitis, follicular conjunctivitis, trachoma, opacity of the cornea, non-suppurative keratitis, glaucoma and its symptoms, diagnosis and treatment in Urdu and Roman Hindi for the people of Pakistan and India.

Diseases Of The Eye In Hindi And Urdu:

Ankh jism ka aam jazu hai. Iss ki hifazat bohat zaroori hai. Agar ankhain zaya ho jaye to duniya admi kay liye andhair nagari hai. Ankhoon ki bemariyan kaii trah ki hain. Jo nechay bayaan ki jaati hain.

1. Contusion Of The Eye

Kisi hadsay ki wajah se ankh zukhmi hosakti hai. Kisi phatar etc sey ankh par choot askti hai. Khabi eye-brow zukhmi hosakta hai. Eye ball par choot lagnay se iss mein khoon jama hojata hai. Jo eye sight ko mutasir karta hai. Baaz okaat payshaani par choot lag jaye to iss ka asar ankh tak pouchta hai. Agar kisi choot ki wajah se naak ki jhilli phat jaye to ankh ka eye ball kamzoor pard jata hai. In short ankh kay irad gird kay hissay par har qism ki choot ka ankh se ggira talaq ahi aur kisi trah ankh zukhmi hojati hai.

Treatment

Agar zukhm eyr-brow par hai to issay saaf karna chahaye. Ankh par sozish hogae to koe Antibiotic dain. Aur ankh par pati bhanday.

Agar choot ankh kay eye ball par hai. To eye ball mutaram hoga, aur iss mein pani bhar jaye ga. Yeh kai haftay takleef ka bais hoga.

Issi halat mein mareez ko aram karnay dain. Aur issay hath na lagnay dain warna ankh ki eye sight week hoti jaye gae.

2. Ankh Mein Mitti Kay Zaraat Ka Pard Jan'aa

Ankh mitti kay zaraat, rait, phatar aur dhoye se zukhmi hojati hai. Aisay zaraat ankhoon mein pardnay se kharish aur jalnay shuru hojati hai aur ankh ko ragarnay se zukhm pard jatay hain. Baaz okaat chonay kay zaraat ankhoon ki palkhon mein jam jatay hain. Agar in zaraat ko saaf na kiya jaye to eye sight mutasir hoti hai.

Management And Treatment

Koe bhi cheez maslan mitti aur chona ankh mein pard jaye to ankh ko ragarna nahi chahaye. Bhetar taeeqa yeh hai kay ankh ko thanthde aur saaf pani se foran dhoen aur eye specialist se consult karen.

Baaz okaat hadsadi toor par ankhoon par garm chai ya dhood pard jata hai ya ankhain aag se jal jati hain. Aisi surat mein bhi  foran kisi  ache clinic ya hospital mein doctor se checkup karwaye.

Agar ankhoon mein kisi infection ki wajah se peep pard jaye foran hospital mein ilaaj karwaye. ankhoon mein garm pani se tikor karay. Achacha sa Eye Drops istemaal karay. Zukhm par Eye Ointment lagaye. Ankhoon ko teez dhoop se bachaye. Doctor ki instruction per mukamal amal karay.

3. Conjunctivitis

Ashobe-e-chasham kaii ikssam kam hota hai aur har qism ki bemari ka ilaaj aledha hai. Eye ball aur papottay kay andr ki jhilli surkh hojati hai aur ankhon se pani tabakta ahi. Shadeed hoti hai.

Causes Of Infection 

Ankhoon mein kissi cheezian kay paaaaaar janay se kharish hona, teez dhop ka asar, nazla zukham hona, chotay bachon nikalna, ankhoon ki muktilif bemariyoon kay asbab hain. Kisi bemari maslan khasra se bhi ashob chasham hota hai. 

Causes

Ashob e chasham se ankh mein infection hoti hai. Ankhain surkh hojati hai. In kay pappottay par sozish hojati hai. Ankhoon se pani bheta ahi aur gheri ratubat ban jati hai. Dhoop bardasht nahi karsakti. Raat ko sotay waqt lasdar aur ratubat ankhoon mein chamt jati hai. Aur subha uthay waqt ankhain khulti nahi bar bar hatoon se milnay se zukhm hojatay hain. Ankhoon mein dard hota ahi. Ziadha shadeed dard se tisseian niklti hai.

Diagnosis

Ashob chasham teen qism ka hota hai. Warham Iritis warham Conjunctive and Catarrhal. Yeh teeno iksaam bari khatr naak hain. Yeh eye sight ko bayhad mutaser karti hain. Agar warham Conjunctive ho to mohiyna se pata chalay ga kay ankhoon ki jhilli surkh hogae. Papottay aky andar khoon ki bareek bareek ragay harkat karti huwi nazar aye gae. Aur ankhoon se peep daar phelay rung ki ratubat nikalti hai. Iss se chupak ajti hain. Ankhoon  mein kharish hoti hai. Warham keerhal ki surat mein ankhon mein surkhi Conjunctive kay nechay hoti hai. Ankhoon mein halki halki dard hoti rehti hai. Yeh bemari kafi arsa tak rrhti hai. 

Warham Iritis mein ankhoon kay papottay kay andr surkhi nahi hoti. Aur na hi khoon wali bareek ragay nazar ati hai. Putli ki harkat mein farq pard jata hai. Ankhoon aur sir mein dard hota hai.

Treatment

Opper bayaan ki gae wajohaat ki bina par agra ankhoon ka sahi ilaaj na kiya to ankhoon ki binahai mutaser hogae. Phelay bayaan kiya gaya hai kay agar ankhoon mein koe bayrooni cheez mitti aur chonay kay zaraat pard jaye to in ko itihat se kissi naram kapray se nikalay.

Thanday pani kay cheetay maray. Dhoop se bachao  ke liye chashma istemaal karay. Ziadha tabish mehsoos ho to sard pani se dhoye.

 agar ankh mein shadeed dard ho to koe Antibiotic dain. Medicine kay qitraat din mein teen char martaba istemaal karay. Raat ko sonay se phelay Eye Ointment lagaye takay ankhain chupatnay nap aye, honey kay teen char qitray bhi dalay saktay hain.

Chotay bachon ki ankhoon mein medicine daltay waqt ko apnay hath achachi trah  saaf karnay chaye. Mareez ka kapra ya rumaal tandaroosat admi khud istemaal na karya kiun kay iss se dosray admi ko Infection hosakti hai.

Mareez ko ghiza halki dain. Maslan chappati, shuba, khichri, mong ki daal… tursh  aur mithi cheezian  nahi kahani chayae, agar mareez cigarette ka aadi hai to issay band karday.

4. Epidemic Eye Sore

Iss marz kay phelnay ka wasta aik bacteria hai jo mareez ki ankhoon se niklnay wali taubat mein paya jata hai. Yeh bemari aik shaks se dosray ko lag jati hai. Iss liyeh wabahi khelati hai iss qism ki waba mareez kay kaparoon, takiya ya romaal kay tandosraat admi kay chonay se issay lag lag jati hai. Mareez ki ankh ka mowad khush honay se bemari kay jarasim ho kay zariye dosray admi'oon ki ankhain par asar andaz hotay hain.

Causes Of Diseases

Iss marz mein ankhain bohat surkh hojati hain. Ankhoon mein jalan hoti hai.ragar nay ya dabanay se aisa mehsoos hai jaisa kay ankh kay andar koe cheez chab rahi ho. Aik do roz mein ankhian sooj hojati hai. Papotto mein sozish hojati hai. Reesha dar mawad bhena shuru hojata hai. Raat ko ankhain mawad ki wajah se chupak jati ahi. Aur subha uthay waqt khasi dushwari hoti ahi.

Treatment

Ankhoon ko thanday pani kay cheetay maray. Gardo gubar se bachae. Sabs rung ka chashma istemaal akray takay dhoop se bachao hoskay. Mareez ka istemaal kiya hua  rumaal jala dyna chaye atkay dosray ashaak iss bemari ka shikar na hosakay. . Eye. Drops din mein char pach bar ankhoon mein dalay.

Tursh aur masla dar ziadha mirch walay khanay na kahaye.

5. Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Ankh ki yeh bemari morose bhi hai aur mutaa'di bhi hai. Yeh bemari bachay ko paidaish kay char pach din okay bad lag jati hai. Bachay ki ankhoon se pani bhena shuru hojata hai. Aur surkh ho jati hain. Ankhoon mein warham hojata hai. Iss marz kay jarasim dosray bachon par bhi asar andaz hotay hain. Aur woh ankhoon ki iss bemari mein mubtala hojatay hain. Iss marz kay jarasim se nazak kareena zaya hojata hai. Aur bacha ankhoon ki binahi se marhoom hojata hai.

Baaz okaat aik ankh mein zakhum ghira hojata hai.  Aur aik siya rung kay naqta ki ma'nind ankh ki safaidi mein nazar ata hai iss trah aik zaya hojati hai. Baaz dafa bacha kareena aur iris ki kharabi ki wajah se apni ankhoon ko udhar idhar harkat daina shuru kardaita hai aur yeh adad pukhtah hojatai hai aur bara ho kar bhi ankhain issi tarh udhar idhar phirta hai. Ankhoon kay parday zukhmi hojanay se dono ankhain bhet jati hain. Yeh bari khatrnaak halat hoti hain.

Treatment 

Is infection men aam tor per bachaon ki ankh men antibiotic ya antiviral drops dale jate he. Bache ko hamesha saaf hathon se pakra jae , ankhon ko bila zaroorat hath na lagaya jae. Khas tor per maan  ka saaf hona zaroori he.  

6. Membranous Conjunctivitis

Yeh mutaa'di bemari hai. Bachon ko ziada hoti hai. Infection kay aik do din mein ankhoon mein dard shuru hojata hai. Shadeed sozish ki wajah mein pappottay ki androni satah par  aik safaid rung ki jhilli ronoma hoti hai. Issay utranay se muturam jaga sakht aur surkh hojati hai. Agar utar bhi dain to yeh dobara piada hojati hai. Baaz dafa issay utarnay se se khoon nikl ata hai. Jis se papottay aur zukhmi hojata hain.

Causes

Yeh beamri shuru hotay shuru hotay hi ankhoon se pani bhehnay shuru hojata hai. Dard hoti hai. Pappottay surkh hojatay hain aur in mein zakhm ajatay hain. Mareez ko bukhar aur sir dard hoti hai. Ankhoon sozish hojati hai. Kaan kay agay aur peechay kay ghadood phool jatay hain. Papottay par jhilli ban jati hai jis mein peep pard jati hai. 8-10 roz kay baad jhilli khud hi utharna shuru hojati hai. Jhilli kay nechay zukhm nazar aye gay in ko chirana nahi chahaye.

Treatmnet

Foran mareez ko ankhon kay doctor ke paas le ker jaen  kion kay iss marz ka kareena par asar ziadah hota hai. Shadeed bemari ki wajah se kirniyan zaya bhi hosakta hai. Iss liyeh ilaaj mein bohat ziadha itiahat ki zarorat hoti hai.

7. Follicular Conjunctivitis

Yeh mutaa'di marz hai. Jhilli daar marz mein papottay androni satah muturam hoti hai. Lekin. Iss marz mein nichlay papottay kay andr ki taraf chotay chotay danay nikaltay hain. Jin ka rung piyaazi hota hai. Aur woh bajray kay danoo jitney baray hotay hain. Yeh beamri school janay walon bachon mein ziadha pahi jati hai. Aur aik se dosray ko lag jati hai.

Clinical Features

Ankh mein dard hoti hai. Papottay surkh hojatay hain. Aur in mein tashanuj aur sozish hojati hai aur ankhoon se pani bheta hai aur surkh hojati . Bemari kay danay kaii saaloon tak bhi rahay saktay hain. Iss liyeh aisi bemari jald karwana hota hai.

Treatment

Antibiotic daawai istemaal karay. Glasses ka istemaal karay. Iss marz kay danay  ilaaj shuru hotay , hi gayab hona shuru hojatay hain aur chand dino mein khutam hojatay hain. Ankhoon ko dhoop aur gardo gubar se bachna chahaye. 

Bachon kay kapray saaf sutray honay chahaye. Ziadha mujma nahi lagana chahaye. Iss se yeh bemari jaldi phaliti hai.

Trush aur aur garm ghiza se parhaiz karna chahaye.

8. Trachoma

Yeh mutaa'di marz hai jo aik bacteria ya Chlamydia Trachomatis kay zariye phalti hai. Yeh anday pab ki aam bemari hai aur duniya har mulk mein pahi jati hai. Aik andazay kay mutabiq takreeban million log iss infected hotay hain. Aur 6 millon log iss bemari se anday hochukay hain. Agar ilaqoon, middle east kay mumalik ayr baraysigiar hindo pak mein aam hain.

Causes Of Diseases

Cocray ziadha tar bachon hotay hain. Bacteria ki Infection se phaltay ahin. Ghanda muhal, gunjan aabadi mein pani ka naqaas kharaj ka intezaam, gardo gubar aur doohan iss bemari kay asbab hain.

Diagnosis

Iss marz ki tashkjees iss ki ilaamaat aky zariye hosakti hai. Yeh ankh kay balahe papottay kay andr ki taraf bayswi shakal kay chotay chotay surk rung kay danay hotay hain. Iss ki do bari iqsaam hain.

Types Of Trachoma

1. Shadeed Acute Trachoma                 

2.  Puranay Chronic Trachoma

Agar mareez ki ankh mawad kissi tandrust shaks ko lag jaye to woh bhi iss mein mumtala hojata hai.

Ankh kay balahi papottay kay dano ko ragarnay se kareena mein zakhm hojatay hain. Ankhain surkh hojati hain.

Aur nkhoon mein se pani bheta hai. Kharish hoti hai. Dano ka ird ird surkh  rung ka halqa hota hai. 

Ankhain soraaj ki roshni bardashat nahi karti. Cocroon se se kirniyan zukhmi hojata hai aur admi ki ankhoon ki binahi khutam hojati hai. In cocroon ki tashkhees Cells kay culture se bhi kar saktay hain. 

Treatment

Ye ek khatarnak marz he is liye foran doctor kay mashware se antibiotic istamal karae jae.

Jahan yeh marz phal chuki ho wahan bar bar therapy karni chahaye. Jab iss marz se aram hojaye to papottoo ko asli halat mein lanay kay liyeh surgery karwahi jaye. Phir dus pandara din  tak ankhon per pati banday. 

Precautions

Iss marz ko phelanay se rokhnay kay liyeh abadiyon mein sewerage kay intezamaat ko bhethar banya jaye aur gandagae se rakha jaye.

9. Opacity Of The Cornea

Ankhoon ki muktilif bemariyan kai hisson par hamla awar hoti hain aur waram ka bahaiz banti hain. Kirniyan ka ankh ka boaht hi aam hissa hai. Yeh takreeban ankh ki bemari se mutaser hota hai.

Chanacha iss kay kai hisson par bemari kay dhag rahy jatay hain. Ankhoon mein safaidi pard jati hai. Yeh safaidi agar bohat patli ho to issay Nebula khetay hain. Agar zara si ghiri ho to issay Macula khetay hain. Chancha bohat hi ghiri ho to issay Leucoma ka naam diya jata hai.

Yeh safiadi ankh ki binahi par bohat asar andaz hoti hai. Agar yeh kirniyan kay markaz mein ho to iss se nazar kamzzor ho jati hai. Patli ho ya ghiri ho agar yeh safiadi kareena kay markaz se dur ho to iss ka binahi par koe fariagh nahi parta.

Iss safiadi ka sabab kareena par kisi bemari ya chot ki wajah se waram hona ya sozish ho to woh aram anay par apnay inshanaat safiad dhuboon ki shakal mein choratay hain.

 

Treatment

Ilaaj: Foran doctor ke paas checkup aur treatment ke liye jaen kion k agar ilaaj men der ho gae to beenai bhi ja sakti he.

10. Non-Suppurative Keratitis

Chotay bachon ki aik bemari aisi hai jis se bachon ko raat kay waqt kam dekhai dyta hai. Bachay sookay pan ka shakar hotay hain aur in ka khoon nahi banta jiss se in ki ankh ka kareena bhi sookh jata ahi. Ankh par safiadi chaha jati hai aur chamk dhamk khutam hojati hai iss bemari ko karatitis khetay hain. 

Yeh bemari do qism ki hoti ahi. Aik woh zakhm jo sirf jhilli tak mehdod rehta hai. Aur dosraa ankh ki ghirai tak dosray hisson par asar karta hai. Lekhin kareena par koe zakhm piada nahi karta.

Keratitis ki pheli qism srif jhilli tak mehdood rehti hai. Aur zakhm paida karti hai. Yeh Herpes ki wajah se paida hoti hai.

Kareena par chotay chotay danay qitroon ki shakal mein niklatay hain. In pusion ka koe rung nahi hota. Yeh naak aur opper walay papottay par bhi nikalti hain. 

Jab pusiyan khutam hoti hain to kareena par kisi qism ka dhag dhaba nahi chorti. Kuch arsa kay baad yeh pusiyan phi ood kar ati hain. Aur kafi arsa tak nikalti rehti hain. Yeh pusiyan zakhm paida karti hain. Ankhoon se pani bhta hai. Ratubat nikalti hai aur dard bhi hota hai. Yeh amal aik ankh mein hota hai. Yeh zakhm ghira hota hai. Lekhin phelta jata hai.

Treatment

Iss condition men bhi antibiotic dawaon ka istamal kerna chahiye jo doctor ke mashware se ho. Patient ko multivitamin dawaen denio cvjahiyen aur aise ghiza jis men Vitamin A zada se zada mojood ho jese gajar, palak, dood aur dahi, aur machli ka gosht den.

11. Glaucoma                         

Yeh bemari aam hai. Ankh kay andr jab flouide ka pressure hai. Iss se optic nerve kamzoor hojata hai. Aur nazar asar andaz hota hai. Ankh ki ratubat kay jama honay se chasham yahnii naram ho kar sakht hojata hai. Iss se dard nahi hoti. Kala motiyan band shuru mein ankh  kay markaz kay iradgard karta hai. Aur ankh ki binahi kam hoti jati hai. Jab yeh ankh kay darmiyani hissay par pouchta hai. To thora sa bara hota hai. 

Iss waqt yeh kam pressure piada karta hai. Issay Low Tension Glaucoma khetay hain. Ankh khetay hain. Iris se aglay chamber mein angle ko band kardaita hai. Iss se kareena par zakhm piada hotay hain. Aur eyesight kamzoor hojati hai.

 

Shuru shuru mein ankh kay agay andera ajata hai. Aur nazar kam hona shuru hojati hai. Jab yeh kala band kareena kay grid surkh ka halqa banta hai.o ankh ki putli phel jati hai. Iss trah jald hi ankh ki nazar zail hojati hai. Kala band motiye ka dura khabi shadeed hota hai. Aur khabi halka. Ankh surkh hojati hai aur dard bhi hota hai. Iss nobat par ankh ka operation karana chahaye.